Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, is a condition where the glucose level in your blood exceeds the normal range. While commonly associated with diabetes mellitus, it can also affect non-diabetics.
Glucose, derived from the carbohydrates we consume, is the body’s primary energy source. After digestion, glucose is absorbed into the bloodstream and circulated throughout the body.
Insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas, facilitates the transfer of glucose from the blood into cells, thus lowering blood glucose levels. However, when the body doesn’t produce sufficient insulin or doesn’t respond to it effectively, glucose accumulates in the blood, leading to hyperglycemia.
Here are 5 signs your blood sugar may be too high:
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Increased Thirst and Frequent Urination: When blood glucose levels are elevated, the kidneys work overtime to filter and absorb the excess glucose. If they can’t keep up, the excess glucose is excreted in the urine, drawing more water along with it. This leads to dehydration, causing increased thirst and frequent urination.
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Fatigue: High blood sugar can impair the body’s ability to use glucose for energy effectively. Cells are starved for fuel, leading to persistent fatigue and weakness, even after adequate rest.
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Blurred Vision: High glucose levels can cause fluid to be pulled from the lenses of your eyes, affecting their ability to focus. This can result in temporary blurred vision.
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Slow-Healing Cuts and Sores: Hyperglycemia can impair blood circulation and nerve function, hindering the body’s natural healing process. This can result in cuts and sores that take longer to heal and are more susceptible to infection.
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Headaches: High blood sugar can cause inflammation and dehydration, both of which can contribute to headaches. These headaches may be mild or severe and can be accompanied by other symptoms of hyperglycemia.
It’s important to note that in some cases, people with diabetes who have hyperglycemia can develop diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). In this condition, cells cannot access glucose, leading the body to break down fats for energy. This produces ketones, which build up in the blood and make it acidic. DKA is a life-threatening condition most commonly associated with type 1 diabetes but can occur in people with type 2 as well.
Also, in people with type 2 diabetes, very high blood glucose levels can lead to a life-threatening condition called hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS), which causes profound dehydration and a change in mental status.
If you experience any of these signs, especially if you have diabetes, it’s crucial to check your blood sugar levels and consult with a healthcare professional promptly. Managing blood sugar levels effectively is essential for preventing complications and maintaining overall health.
