What Is A Pillow Sham? The Ultimate Guide

What Is A Pillow Sham? At WHAT.EDU.VN, we understand the confusion surrounding bedding terminology. A pillow sham is a decorative pillow covering used to enhance the look of your bed. Discover the differences, styling tips, and more. Learn about decorative pillow covers, bedding ensembles, and pillowcase alternatives.

1. What’s The Difference Between A Sham and a Pillow Case?

The world of bedding can be perplexing, especially when differentiating between items like pillow shams and pillowcases. While both serve the purpose of covering pillows, their primary functions and designs differ significantly.

Pillowcases: These are primarily functional. They protect your sleeping pillow from dirt, oil, and allergens while you sleep. Pillowcases typically have an open end, allowing for easy insertion and removal of the pillow. They are usually made from soft, comfortable materials like cotton, linen, or silk, prioritizing comfort and ease of care.
Pillow Shams: On the other hand, pillow shams are decorative covers designed to enhance the aesthetic appeal of your bed. They often feature embellishments like flanges (a flat border around the edges), embroidery, or unique textures. Shams typically have a back closure, either with a zipper, buttons, or an overlapping fabric panel. They are meant to cover pillows used for display, creating a coordinated and stylish bedding ensemble.

Think of it this way: pillowcases are for sleeping, while shams are for show. While you can technically sleep on a pillow sham, it’s not their intended purpose, and the decorative elements might make it less comfortable than a standard pillowcase.

2. Decoding Pillow Sham Features: Design and Function

To truly understand what a pillow sham is, let’s delve into its defining features:

Decorative Purpose: The main reason for using a pillow sham is to enhance the overall look and feel of your bedding. They come in a wide array of colors, patterns, and textures, allowing you to coordinate with your duvet cover, comforter, or other decorative elements in your bedroom.
Closure Type: Unlike pillowcases with their open ends, shams usually have a closure on the back. This closure can be:
- Zipper: Provides a secure and discreet closure.
- Buttons: Add a touch of elegance and can be a decorative element themselves.
- Overlapping Fabric: Also known as an envelope closure, this provides a clean and seamless look.
Flange: A signature feature of many pillow shams is the flange – a flat, decorative border that extends beyond the edge of the pillow. The flange can be plain or embellished with embroidery, piping, or other details.
Fabric and Embellishments: Shams are often made from fabrics that complement the overall bedding design, such as:
- Matelassé: A quilted fabric with a raised pattern.
- Jacquard: A woven fabric with intricate designs.
- Silk or Velvet: Adds a touch of luxury and elegance.
- Embroidery, Appliqués, or Other Decorative Details: Further enhance the visual appeal of the sham.

3. Is It Okay To Sleep On A Pillow Sham?

While there’s no hard and fast rule against sleeping on a pillow sham, it’s generally not recommended. Here’s why:

Comfort: Shams are often made from decorative fabrics that may not be as soft or comfortable as pillowcases designed for sleeping. Embellishments like embroidery or flanges can also be irritating against the skin.
Maintenance: Because shams are designed to be decorative, they may require more delicate care than everyday pillowcases. Sleeping on them can lead to more frequent washing, which can shorten their lifespan and fade the colors or damage the embellishments.
Hygiene: While pillowcases are washed frequently to remove sweat, oil, and dirt, shams may not be washed as often. Sleeping on a sham can transfer these impurities, potentially leading to skin irritation or acne.

Instead of sleeping on your shams, consider removing them before bedtime and replacing them with your regular pillowcases. This will keep your shams clean and fresh while ensuring a comfortable night’s sleep.

4. Types of Pillow Shams: Exploring the Options

Pillow shams come in a variety of styles, each offering a unique aesthetic. Here are some common types:

Standard Sham: Designed to fit standard-size pillows (20×26 inches).
Queen Sham: Slightly larger than standard, fitting queen-size pillows (20×30 inches).
King Sham: The largest of the standard shams, designed for king-size pillows (20×36 inches).
Euro Sham: Square-shaped, typically 26×26 inches, used to create a layered look on the bed.
Boudoir Sham: Small, rectangular shams, often used as decorative accents.
Neckroll Sham: Designed to cover cylindrical neckroll pillows.

Beyond size and shape, shams also vary in style:

Classic Shams: Simple and elegant, often with a plain flange and subtle embellishments.
Embroidered Shams: Feature intricate embroidery designs, adding a touch of sophistication.
Quilted Shams: Made from quilted fabric, providing a cozy and textured look.
Ruffled Shams: Decorated with ruffles along the edges, adding a romantic and feminine touch.
Novelty Shams: Feature unique designs or embellishments, such as appliques, buttons, or fringe.

5. Styling with Pillow Shams: Unleash Your Creativity

Pillow shams offer endless possibilities for styling your bed and expressing your personal style. Here are a few ideas to get you started:

Symmetry: Create a classic and balanced look by placing matching shams on either side of the bed.
Layering: Layer different sizes and styles of shams to add depth and visual interest. Start with Euro shams against the headboard, followed by standard or king shams, and finish with decorative pillows in front.
Color Coordination: Choose shams that complement the colors in your duvet cover, comforter, or bedroom décor.
Texture Play: Mix and match shams with different textures, such as smooth silk, quilted cotton, or plush velvet, to create a tactile and inviting bed.
Personal Touch: Add a personal touch with novelty shams that reflect your interests or hobbies.

Remember, there are no hard and fast rules when it comes to styling with pillow shams. Experiment with different arrangements and combinations until you find a look that you love.

6. Choosing the Right Pillow Sham: A Comprehensive Guide

Selecting the perfect pillow shams involves considering several factors to ensure they complement your bedding and personal style. Here’s a breakdown of the key considerations:

Size: Match the sham size to your pillows. Standard, queen, and king shams correspond to standard, queen, and king-sized pillows, respectively. Euro shams, typically square, are great for layering.
Material: Consider the material’s comfort, durability, and care requirements. Common options include cotton, linen, silk, velvet, and synthetic blends.
Design and Style: Choose shams that complement your existing bedding and bedroom decor. Consider colors, patterns, textures, and embellishments.
Closure Type: Decide on the closure type based on convenience and aesthetics. Options include zippers, buttons, and envelope closures.
Budget: Pillow shams range in price, so set a budget beforehand. Factor in the quality of materials and craftsmanship.
Quantity: Determine how many shams you need based on your bed size and desired styling.

7. Caring for Your Pillow Shams: Ensuring Longevity

Proper care will help prolong the life of your pillow shams and keep them looking their best. Here are some general tips:

Read the Label: Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions on the care label.
Washing: Wash shams regularly, ideally every 1-2 weeks. Use a gentle cycle and mild detergent.
Drying: Tumble dry on low heat or hang to dry. Avoid over-drying, which can damage the fabric.
Ironing: Iron shams as needed, using the appropriate setting for the fabric.
Storage: Store shams in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.

For delicate shams with embellishments, consider dry cleaning or spot cleaning to prevent damage.

8. Pillow Shams vs. Other Pillow Covers: A Clear Distinction

While pillow shams are often grouped with other types of pillow covers, there are key differences:

Pillowcases: Primarily functional, designed to protect sleeping pillows.
Pillow Protectors: Placed underneath pillowcases to further protect pillows from allergens, dust mites, and stains.
Decorative Throw Pillows: Smaller, decorative pillows used as accents on beds, sofas, or chairs.

Pillow shams are specifically designed to be decorative covers for pillows used on beds. They bridge the gap between functional pillowcases and purely decorative throw pillows, adding both style and comfort to your bedding ensemble.

9. Common Mistakes to Avoid When Using Pillow Shams

To make the most of your pillow shams, avoid these common mistakes:

Using the Wrong Size: Ensure shams fit your pillows properly to avoid a saggy or stretched appearance.
Ignoring Care Instructions: Always follow the care label to prevent damage to the fabric or embellishments.
Overwashing: Wash shams only as needed to avoid fading or wear.
Mismatched Styles: Choose shams that complement your bedding and bedroom decor.
Neglecting Comfort: While shams are primarily decorative, prioritize comfort by selecting soft and breathable materials.

10. Elevate Your Bedroom with Pillow Shams

Pillow shams are an essential element for creating a stylish and inviting bedroom. By understanding their purpose, types, styling options, and care requirements, you can choose the perfect shams to elevate your bedding ensemble and express your personal style.

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11. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Pillow Shams

Question	Answer
How do shams differ from pillowcases?	The primary difference lies in their purpose and design. Pillowcases are made for sleeping pillows, prioritizing comfort and protection, with an open end for easy access. Shams, on the other hand, are decorative covers with back closures, often featuring embellishments, and are used to adorn pillows that serve a decorative role.
What is a bed sham?	A bed sham is the same thing as a pillow sham. They are decorative pillow covers designed to enhance the appearance of your bed. Unlike standard pillowcases, which are primarily functional and open at one end, shams typically have a back closure and include decorative elements such as flanges, embroidery, or unique textures.
How should bed shams be styled on a bed?	Bed shams can be styled in several ways to enhance the look of your bed. They are often placed in front of your sleeping pillows or layered behind for added depth. You can arrange them symmetrically or mix them with other decorative pillows to create a visually appealing and personalized bed arrangement.
Is a bed sham required?	No, a bed sham is not required. Its purpose is purely decorative, and whether to use one depends on your personal style and preferences. Bed shams can elevate the overall aesthetic of your bed by introducing different patterns, colors, and textures. However, if you prefer a simpler or more functional bedding arrangement, you can skip using shams.
Are shams available in different sizes?	Yes, bed shams come in various sizes to match standard pillow dimensions. Common sizes include standard, queen, king, and Euro (European) shams, so you can choose the appropriate size based on your pillows and bed styling preferences.
Can you sleep on pillows with shams?	While it is possible to sleep on pillows with shams, they are primarily designed for decorative purposes. Shams may have embellishments or textures that make them less comfortable for sleeping. Typically, sham-covered pillows are removed before bedtime.
What materials are commonly used for pillow shams?	Common materials include cotton, linen, silk, velvet, and synthetic blends. The choice of material depends on the desired look, feel, and maintenance requirements.
How do I choose the right color for my pillow shams?	Choose colors that complement your existing bedding and bedroom decor. Consider coordinating with your duvet cover, comforter, or other decorative elements.
How often should I wash my pillow shams?	Wash your pillow shams regularly, ideally every 1-2 weeks, to keep them clean and fresh. Follow the care instructions on the label to prevent damage.
Can I mix and match different styles of pillow shams?	Yes, mixing and matching different styles of pillow shams can create a unique and personalized look. Experiment with different sizes, colors, textures, and embellishments to find a combination that you love.
Where can I buy pillow shams?	Pillow shams are available at most home goods stores, department stores, and online retailers.
Are there eco-friendly pillow sham options available?	Yes, look for pillow shams made from organic cotton, linen, or other sustainable materials.
How can I store my pillow shams when not in use?	Store your pillow shams in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to prevent fading or damage.
What is a flange on a pillow sham?	A flange is a flat, decorative border that extends beyond the edge of the pillow sham. It can be plain or embellished with embroidery, piping, or other details.
How can I prevent my pillow shams from wrinkling?	Tumble dry on low heat or hang to dry. Iron as needed, using the appropriate setting for the fabric.
Can I use pillow shams on throw pillows?	While you can, pillow shams are typically designed for pillows used on beds. Throw pillows may require smaller or differently shaped covers.
What is the difference between a standard sham and a boudoir?	A standard sham is designed to fit a standard-size pillow, while a boudoir sham is smaller and rectangular, often used as a decorative accent.

12. The Evolution of Pillow Shams: A Historical Perspective

The history of pillow shams is intertwined with the evolution of bedding and home decor. While the exact origins are difficult to pinpoint, decorative pillow covers have likely existed for centuries in various forms.

In earlier times, bedding was often simple and functional, with less emphasis on aesthetics. However, as societies became more affluent, people began to incorporate decorative elements into their homes, including their bedrooms.

During the Victorian era, elaborate bedding ensembles became popular, featuring intricate embroidery, lace, and other embellishments. Pillow shams, as we know them today, emerged as a way to coordinate and enhance the overall look of the bed.

Over the years, pillow shams have evolved in terms of materials, designs, and styles, reflecting changing tastes and trends. Today, they remain an essential element of bedroom decor, offering endless possibilities for personalization and creative expression.

13. Pillow Shams in Interior Design: Trends and Inspirations

Pillow shams play a crucial role in interior design, contributing to the overall aesthetic and ambiance of a bedroom. Here are some current trends and inspirations:

Minimalist Chic: Simple, clean designs in neutral colors, focusing on texture and quality.
Bohemian Vibes: Eclectic patterns, vibrant colors, and natural materials like linen and cotton.
Luxury Retreat: Sumptuous fabrics like silk and velvet, with intricate embroidery and embellishments.
Coastal Cool: Light and airy designs in shades of blue, white, and sand, evoking a relaxed beachy feel.
Modern Farmhouse: Classic patterns like stripes and plaids in muted tones, combined with rustic textures.

Interior designers often use pillow shams to:

Create a Focal Point: Use a bold color or pattern to draw the eye to the bed.
Add Texture and Depth: Mix and match different textures to create a tactile and inviting space.
Coordinate with Other Elements: Choose shams that complement the colors and patterns in the rug, curtains, and artwork.
Express Personal Style: Use shams to showcase your unique taste and personality.

14. DIY Pillow Shams: A Creative Project

Creating your own pillow shams is a fun and rewarding project that allows you to customize your bedding and express your creativity. Here are some ideas:

Simple Sewn Shams: Use fabric scraps to create basic envelope-style shams.
Embroidered Shams: Add embroidery designs to plain shams using hand or machine techniques.
Quilted Shams: Create cozy and textured shams using quilting techniques.
Appliqued Shams: Add fabric appliques to create unique designs.
Painted Shams: Use fabric paint to create custom patterns and designs.

When making DIY pillow shams, be sure to:

Choose the Right Fabric: Select a fabric that is durable, easy to care for, and complements your bedding.
Measure Accurately: Ensure your shams fit your pillows properly.
Follow Instructions Carefully: If using a pattern, follow the instructions closely.
Have Fun: Let your creativity shine and create shams that reflect your personal style.

15. Sustainable Pillow Sham Options: Eco-Conscious Choices

For those who prioritize sustainability, there are many eco-friendly pillow sham options available:

Organic Cotton: Grown without harmful pesticides or fertilizers.
Linen: Made from flax fibers, a renewable resource that requires minimal water and pesticides.
Recycled Materials: Made from recycled fibers, reducing waste and conserving resources.
Fair Trade Certified: Ensures that workers are paid fair wages and work in safe conditions.
Low-Impact Dyes: Dyes that are less harmful to the environment.

When choosing sustainable pillow shams, look for certifications like GOTS (Global Organic Textile Standard) or OEKO-TEX, which guarantee that the products meet certain environmental and social standards.

By making eco-conscious choices, you can create a beautiful and sustainable bedroom that is good for you and the planet.

16. How to Store Pillow Shams Properly When Not in Use

Proper storage of your pillow shams is essential to maintain their quality and appearance. Here are some tips:

Clean Before Storing: Ensure your shams are clean and dry before storing them to prevent mildew or odors.
Fold Neatly: Fold your shams neatly to prevent wrinkles and creases.
Use Storage Bags or Containers: Store your shams in breathable storage bags or containers to protect them from dust and pests.
Store in a Cool, Dry Place: Avoid storing your shams in damp or humid areas, as this can lead to mildew or mold.
Avoid Direct Sunlight: Store your shams away from direct sunlight to prevent fading.
Label Your Storage: Label your storage bags or containers so you can easily find the shams you need.

By following these storage tips, you can keep your pillow shams in good condition and ready to use whenever you need them.

17. Pillow Sham Fabrics: Exploring the Different Types

The fabric of a pillow sham significantly impacts its appearance, feel, and maintenance. Here are some common fabric options:

Cotton: Soft, breathable, and easy to care for. Ideal for everyday use.
Linen: Durable, absorbent, and becomes softer with each wash. Offers a relaxed, natural look.
Silk: Luxurious, smooth, and hypoallergenic. Requires delicate care.
Velvet: Plush, rich, and adds a touch of elegance. Can be more prone to stains and wear.
Polyester: Affordable, wrinkle-resistant, and durable. May not be as breathable as natural fibers.
Blends: Combine the benefits of different fibers, such as cotton-polyester blends for durability and wrinkle resistance.

Consider the fabric’s texture, drape, and care requirements when selecting pillow shams for your bed.

18. Pillow Sham Embellishments: Adding Flair and Detail

Pillow sham embellishments enhance their visual appeal and add character to your bedding ensemble. Common embellishments include:

Embroidery: Intricate needlework designs that add elegance and sophistication.
Ruffles: Gathered or pleated fabric that creates a romantic and feminine touch.
Piping: A decorative trim that defines the edges of the sham.
Buttons: Add a classic and refined touch.
Lace: Delicate and intricate fabric that adds a vintage or romantic feel.
Appliqués: Fabric shapes or designs that are sewn onto the sham.
Fringe: Decorative trim that adds texture and movement.

Choose embellishments that complement your personal style and the overall design of your bedroom.

19. Pillow Sham Closures: Zippers, Buttons, and More

The closure type of a pillow sham affects its ease of use and aesthetic appeal. Common closure options include:

Zipper: Provides a secure and discreet closure. Easy to use and maintain.
Buttons: Add a touch of elegance and can be a decorative element themselves.
Envelope: Features an overlapping fabric panel that creates a seamless look.
Tie Closures: Use fabric ties to secure the sham. Adds a rustic or bohemian touch.
Hidden Closures: Concealed closures that create a clean and minimalist look.

Consider the convenience and aesthetic appeal of each closure type when selecting pillow shams.

20. Addressing Common Concerns About Pillow Shams

Here are answers to some common concerns about pillow shams:

Are pillow shams washable? Most pillow shams are washable, but always check the care label for specific instructions.
Will pillow shams fade over time? Fading can occur with repeated washing and exposure to sunlight. Choose high-quality fabrics and follow care instructions to minimize fading.
Can pillow shams be ironed? Yes, pillow shams can be ironed, but use the appropriate setting for the fabric.
Are pillow shams hypoallergenic? Some pillow shams are made from hypoallergenic materials, such as silk or microfiber.
Can I use pillow shams for outdoor pillows? Pillow shams are typically designed for indoor use. Use outdoor-specific pillow covers for outdoor pillows.

By addressing these concerns, you can make informed decisions about purchasing and caring for your pillow shams.

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