Tampons are a common menstrual hygiene product used by millions of women worldwide. But what exactly is a tampon, and how do you use it safely? This guide provides a comprehensive overview, covering everything from tampon materials to safe usage practices and potential risks, based on information from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
What are Tampons and How Are They Used?
Tampons are designed to absorb menstrual flow by being inserted into the vagina. They come in various sizes and absorbencies and can be used with or without an applicator to aid insertion. The FDA regulates tampons as medical devices, ensuring they meet specific safety and effectiveness standards. It’s crucial to remember that tampons are intended for single use only. Reusing a tampon is not advised.
Tampons with and without applicators, illustrating single-use design
What Materials are Tampons Made From?
Tampons cleared by the FDA are typically made of cotton, rayon, or a blend of both. The absorbent fibers undergo a bleaching process that eliminates elemental chlorine. This process ensures that the tampons have minimal levels of dioxin, a common environmental pollutant.
How Does the FDA Evaluate Tampon Safety?
Before tampons can be legally sold in the United States, they undergo a thorough review process by the FDA. This review assesses whether new tampons are as safe and effective as tampons already legally available on the market.
The FDA review includes examining manufacturer-submitted data on several factors:
- Safety of the materials used in the tampon and applicator.
- Tampon absorbency, strength, and structural integrity.
- The potential for tampons to promote the growth of harmful bacteria or disrupt normal vaginal bacteria levels.
Are Reusable Tampons a Safe Option?
The FDA has neither cleared nor approved reusable tampons. These types of tampons may increase the risk of infections, including yeast, fungal, and bacterial infections. The FDA advises against using reusable tampons, as only single-use tampons have been approved for safety and effectiveness.
Understanding Tampons and Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)
Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition caused by toxins produced by certain bacteria. These toxins can lead to organ damage, shock, and even death.
Reported cases of TSS linked to tampon use have significantly decreased over the years. This decline can be attributed to several factors, including the FDA’s evaluation of tampons’ potential to encourage the growth of TSS-causing bacteria, stricter labeling requirements, and educational efforts by the FDA and tampon manufacturers.
Important Tampon Safety Tips
Consider discussing tampon use with your healthcare provider to determine if they are suitable for you. If you choose to use tampons, keep the following safety tips in mind:
- Always follow the directions provided on the packaging. Even if you are a regular tampon user, reading the instructions is essential.
- Wash your hands thoroughly before and after inserting a tampon. This minimizes the spread of bacteria.
- Use tampons only during your period. They are specifically designed for menstrual flow absorption.
- Change tampons every 4 to 8 hours. Never wear a single tampon for longer than 8 hours.
- Use the lowest absorbency tampon necessary. If you can wear a tampon for the full 8 hours without needing to change it, the absorbency level may be too high.
- Consult your healthcare provider if you experience pain, fever, or other unusual symptoms. If you encounter any discomfort, pain, unusual discharge, or an allergic reaction while using tampons, discontinue use and seek medical advice.
- Be aware of the signs and symptoms of Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) and how to minimize your risk. Symptoms of TSS may include a sudden high fever (typically 102°F or higher), vomiting, diarrhea, fainting or lightheadedness upon standing, dizziness, or a rash resembling a sunburn. If you develop any of these symptoms during or shortly after your period, remove the tampon immediately and seek immediate medical attention. To reduce the risk of TSS, use the lowest absorbency tampon needed, change tampons every 8 hours, and only use them during menstruation.
If you have experienced discomfort or illness from tampon use, you can report it to MedWatch, the FDA’s safety information and adverse event reporting program. This reporting helps the FDA monitor and ensure the ongoing safety of tampons. By understanding what a tampon is, how it is made, and how to use it safely, women can make informed choices about their menstrual hygiene.
