Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is an infection of the lungs that develops in people outside of a hospital setting. Recognizing the signs and understanding the appropriate treatment are crucial for effective management and recovery.
Hospital Treatment for Pneumonia
The initial step involves your healthcare provider determining if hospitalization is necessary. If admitted, treatment typically includes:
- Intravenous Fluids and Medications: Antibiotics (for bacterial pneumonia) or antivirals are administered directly into your veins.
- Oxygen Therapy: Supplemental oxygen is provided to help increase oxygen levels in your blood.
- Breathing Treatments: These may be necessary to help open airways and improve breathing.
Alt text: A patient receiving intravenous antibiotic treatment for pneumonia in a hospital setting.
Prompt administration of antibiotics is vital for bacterial pneumonia following admission. Antibiotics are ineffective against viral pneumonia; instead, antiviral medications may be prescribed for influenza or other viral causes.
Hospitalization is more likely if you:
- Have pre-existing serious health conditions.
- Exhibit severe pneumonia symptoms.
- Are unable to care for yourself at home or have difficulty eating or drinking.
- Are 65 years or older.
- Have not responded to antibiotics taken at home.
Home Treatment for Pneumonia
Many individuals can manage pneumonia at home. In these cases, your doctor may prescribe medications, most commonly antibiotics.
Important considerations when taking antibiotics:
- Adhere strictly to the prescribed dosage schedule. Complete the entire course of medication, even if you start feeling better.
- Avoid cough or cold medicines unless specifically approved by your doctor. Coughing helps clear mucus from your lungs.
Alt text: Person holding antibiotic pills to treat community acquired pneumonia.
Relieving Symptoms at Home
Warm, moist air can help loosen mucus and ease breathing difficulties. Consider these remedies:
- Apply a warm, damp washcloth loosely over your nose and mouth.
- Use a humidifier filled with warm water to breathe in the moist air.
- Take deep breaths 2-3 times per hour to help expand your lungs.
- Perform gentle chest percussion (tapping) a few times daily while lying with your head lower than your chest to dislodge mucus.
Hydration and Rest
Adequate hydration is important, provided your doctor approves:
- Drink water, juice, or weak tea.
- Aim for at least 6-10 cups (1.5-2.5 liters) of fluids per day.
- Avoid alcohol.
Prioritize rest upon returning home. If nighttime sleep is difficult, take naps during the day to allow your body to recover.
Alt text: Woman sleeping in bed, resting to recover from community-acquired pneumonia at home.
