What Is Dogging? A Comprehensive Guide

Dogging defined! Are you curious about the mechanics of door hardware, particularly concerning how doors can be temporarily unlocked for easier access? This comprehensive guide, brought to you by WHAT.EDU.VN, dives deep into the world of “dogging,” explaining its function, types, and applications. Discover how this seemingly simple mechanism can significantly improve traffic flow and convenience in various settings. Let’s explore the concepts of mechanical dogging, electrical dogging, and door latch retraction.

1. Understanding Dogging: The Basics

Dogging is a mechanism used in exit devices that allows the latch bolt to be held in a retracted position. This eliminates the need to turn a lever or push a panic bar to open a door. When an exit device is “dogged,” the door can be opened simply by pushing or pulling it. Dogging is commonly used in businesses and high-traffic areas to make doors easier to use. It enhances accessibility and streamlines movement, making entry and exit more convenient.

2. Why Use Dogging? Benefits and Applications

Why is dogging a valuable feature in various commercial settings? Here’s a closer look at the benefits and practical applications:

Improved Traffic Flow: In high-traffic areas like retail stores, schools, and hospitals, dogging allows for smoother and faster movement of people. Doors can be opened without needing to manipulate handles or bars, which is especially useful during peak hours.
Enhanced Accessibility: Dogging makes doors easier to open for individuals with disabilities or those carrying heavy items. This is particularly beneficial for wheelchair users, parents with strollers, and delivery personnel.
Increased Convenience: For businesses with frequent deliveries or constant customer flow, dogging provides a convenient way to keep doors unlocked during business hours. This eliminates the need for employees to constantly unlock and relock doors.
Emergency Situations: While not its primary purpose, dogging can be helpful in emergency situations by allowing for quick and easy exit.

Essentially, dogging serves to make doorways more user-friendly and efficient, catering to a variety of needs in different environments.

3. Mechanical Dogging: How It Works

Mechanical dogging is a manual method of holding the latch bolt retracted. It typically involves using a hex key or cylinder to engage an internal mechanism within the exit device.

3.1 The Process of Mechanical Dogging

Engaging the Mechanism: The push bar is pressed, and a hex key or cylinder is inserted into the designated slot on the exit device.
Retracting and Holding: As the key or cylinder is turned, internal components retract the latch bolt and hold it in the retracted position.
Manual Release: To release the latch bolt, the key or cylinder must be re-inserted and turned in the opposite direction to disengage the mechanical dogging.

3.2 Advantages of Mechanical Dogging

Simple and Reliable: Mechanical dogging is a straightforward and dependable method that doesn’t rely on electricity.
Cost-Effective: It is a less expensive option compared to electrical dogging.
Easy to Maintain: Mechanical systems typically require minimal maintenance.

3.3 Disadvantages of Mechanical Dogging

Manual Operation: It requires manual engagement and disengagement, which can be inconvenient in high-traffic situations.
Not Suitable for Fire Doors: Mechanical dogging is not permitted on fire-rated doors because these doors must self-latch to maintain their fire-resistance rating.
Security Concerns: If not properly managed, mechanically dogged doors can pose a security risk, as they remain unlocked and accessible.

Alt Text: Stanley PHI panic bar showcasing the cylinder dogging mechanism.

4. Electrical Dogging: The Modern Approach

Electrical dogging offers a more advanced and automated way to control the latch bolt. It uses an electric motor or solenoid to retract and hold the latch bolt.

4.1 How Electrical Dogging Functions

Remote Activation: An electric motor or solenoid within the exit device is activated remotely, usually through a switch, access control system, or timer.
Latch Retraction: The motor or solenoid retracts the latch bolt.
Holding Mechanism: The latch bolt is held in the retracted position electrically, eliminating the need for a manual key or cylinder.

4.2 Types of Electrical Dogging

Standard Electrical Dogging: This type allows for remote activation and deactivation of the dogging function.
Fire Alarm Integration: In this setup, the electrical dogging is connected to the building’s fire alarm system. If the fire alarm is triggered, the electrical dogging is automatically deactivated, allowing the door to self-latch.
Scheduled Dogging: This advanced option allows for pre-programmed schedules to control when the dogging is engaged and disengaged, useful for businesses with specific operating hours.

4.3 Benefits of Electrical Dogging

Remote Control: Electrical dogging can be controlled remotely, providing greater convenience and flexibility.
Integration with Access Control: It can be integrated with access control systems for enhanced security and management.
Automation: Scheduled dogging allows for automated operation based on time of day or other pre-set conditions.
Suitable for Fire Doors: When integrated with a fire alarm system, electrical dogging can be used on fire-rated doors, complying with safety regulations.

4.4 Drawbacks of Electrical Dogging

Higher Cost: Electrical dogging systems are generally more expensive than mechanical systems.
Power Dependency: They require a reliable power supply to operate.
Complexity: Installation and maintenance can be more complex, requiring specialized knowledge.

Alt Text: Close-up of an exit device trim designed for electrical dogging systems.

5. Key Differences: Mechanical vs. Electrical Dogging

To help you decide which type of dogging is best for your needs, here’s a comparison table highlighting the key differences between mechanical and electrical dogging:

Feature	Mechanical Dogging	Electrical Dogging
Activation	Manual (key or cylinder)	Remote (switch, access control, timer)
Power Source	None	Electricity
Fire Doors	Not suitable	Suitable with fire alarm integration
Cost	Lower	Higher
Complexity	Simpler	More complex
Control	Limited to manual operation	Remote and automated options
Security	Requires careful manual management	Can be integrated with access control
Best Use Cases	Low-traffic, non-fire-rated doors	High-traffic, fire-rated, and secured areas

6. Fire Safety and Dogging: What You Need to Know

Fire safety is a critical consideration when it comes to dogging. Understanding the regulations and ensuring compliance can save lives.

6.1 Restrictions on Fire Doors

As mentioned earlier, mechanical dogging is not allowed on fire-rated doors. Fire doors are designed to automatically latch and seal off areas in the event of a fire. Holding them open with mechanical dogging compromises their ability to contain fire and smoke.

6.2 Electrical Dogging and Fire Alarms

Electrical dogging can be used on fire doors, but only if it is integrated with the building’s fire alarm system. This integration ensures that the electrical dogging is automatically deactivated when the fire alarm is triggered, allowing the door to self-latch and fulfill its fire-resistant function.

6.3 Compliance and Regulations

It’s essential to consult local building codes and fire safety regulations to ensure that any dogging system you install complies with the requirements. Failure to comply can result in fines and, more importantly, put lives at risk.

7. Access Control Integration with Electrical Dogging

One of the most significant advantages of electrical dogging is its ability to integrate with access control systems. This integration offers enhanced security and management capabilities.

7.1 How Access Control Enhances Dogging

Controlled Access: Access control systems can be programmed to allow only authorized personnel to engage or disengage the dogging function.
Audit Trails: The system can keep a log of when and by whom the dogging was activated or deactivated, providing an audit trail for security purposes.
Remote Management: Administrators can remotely control the dogging function from a central location, allowing for quick responses to changing security needs.
Scheduled Operation: Access control systems can be programmed to automatically engage or disengage the dogging function based on pre-set schedules.

7.2 Common Access Control Methods

Keypad Entry: Users enter a code on a keypad to activate or deactivate the dogging.
Card Readers: Users swipe a card or present a key fob to a reader to control the dogging.
Biometric Scanners: Fingerprint or retina scanners provide a high level of security for controlling the dogging function.
Mobile Apps: Some access control systems allow users to control the dogging function via a mobile app on their smartphone.

8. Applications of Dogging in Various Industries

Dogging is used in a wide array of industries to improve convenience, traffic flow, and accessibility. Here are some notable examples:

8.1 Retail Stores

During Business Hours: Retail stores often use dogging during business hours to keep entrance doors unlocked, allowing customers to enter and exit freely.
Delivery Times: Dogging can be used to facilitate deliveries by keeping receiving doors unlocked during scheduled delivery times.

8.2 Schools and Universities

Classroom Doors: Dogging can be used on classroom doors to allow students to move freely between classes.
Cafeterias and Common Areas: Dogging helps manage high traffic flow in cafeterias and common areas during peak hours.

8.3 Hospitals and Healthcare Facilities

Emergency Rooms: Dogging can be used on emergency room doors to ensure quick and easy access for patients and medical personnel.
Patient Rooms: Dogging can provide easier access to patient rooms for healthcare providers.

8.4 Office Buildings

Lobby Entrances: Dogging can be used on lobby entrances during business hours to welcome visitors.
Conference Rooms: Dogging can facilitate access to conference rooms for meetings and events.

8.5 Hospitality Industry

Hotel Lobbies: Dogging can be used on hotel lobby entrances to provide convenient access for guests.
Event Spaces: Dogging helps manage traffic flow in event spaces during conferences, weddings, and other gatherings.

9. Choosing the Right Dogging System: Factors to Consider

Selecting the appropriate dogging system requires careful evaluation of your specific needs and circumstances. Here are some key factors to consider:

Traffic Volume: High-traffic areas may benefit more from electrical dogging, which allows for remote and automated control.
Security Requirements: If security is a major concern, consider electrical dogging integrated with an access control system.
Fire Safety: Ensure that the dogging system complies with all fire safety regulations and is suitable for use on fire-rated doors if necessary.
Budget: Mechanical dogging is generally more affordable, while electrical dogging involves a higher initial investment.
Power Availability: Electrical dogging requires a reliable power source.
Maintenance: Consider the long-term maintenance requirements of each type of system.
Aesthetics: Choose a system that complements the overall design and aesthetics of your building.

10. Dogging Best Practices: Ensuring Safety and Security

Regardless of the type of dogging system you choose, it’s essential to follow best practices to ensure safety and security.

10.1 Regular Inspections

Conduct regular inspections of the dogging system to ensure that it is functioning properly. Check for any signs of wear, damage, or tampering.

10.2 Employee Training

Train employees on how to properly use the dogging system and on the importance of following safety and security protocols.

10.3 Security Protocols

Implement clear security protocols for managing dogged doors. This may include designating responsible personnel, keeping a log of when doors are dogged and undogged, and conducting regular security checks.

10.4 Compliance with Regulations

Stay up-to-date on local building codes and fire safety regulations and ensure that your dogging system complies with all requirements.

10.5 Emergency Preparedness

Develop an emergency plan that addresses how to manage dogged doors in the event of a fire, security threat, or other emergency.

11. Troubleshooting Common Dogging Issues

Even with proper installation and maintenance, dogging systems can sometimes experience problems. Here are some common issues and how to troubleshoot them:

11.1 Mechanical Dogging Issues

Key or Cylinder Won’t Turn: This may be due to a jammed mechanism or a damaged key or cylinder. Try lubricating the mechanism or replacing the key or cylinder.
Latch Bolt Won’t Stay Retracted: This could be caused by worn or damaged internal components. Inspect the mechanism and replace any worn parts.
Difficulty Engaging or Disengaging: This may be due to a lack of lubrication or a misaligned mechanism. Lubricate the mechanism and ensure that all components are properly aligned.

11.2 Electrical Dogging Issues

System Won’t Activate: Check the power supply and ensure that all wiring connections are secure.
Latch Bolt Won’t Retract: This could be due to a faulty motor or solenoid. Test the motor or solenoid and replace if necessary.
Integration with Access Control Issues: Ensure that the access control system is properly programmed and that all communication cables are securely connected.
Fire Alarm Integration Problems: Test the fire alarm integration to ensure that the electrical dogging is automatically deactivated when the fire alarm is triggered.

12. The Future of Dogging Technology

The field of door hardware is constantly evolving, and dogging technology is no exception. Here are some emerging trends and innovations to watch for:

Smart Dogging Systems: These systems use sensors and artificial intelligence to automatically adjust dogging based on real-time traffic patterns and security conditions.
Wireless Connectivity: Wireless technology allows for more flexible and easier installation of electrical dogging systems.
Integration with Building Management Systems: Dogging systems are increasingly being integrated with comprehensive building management systems for centralized control and monitoring.
Enhanced Security Features: New dogging systems are incorporating advanced security features such as biometric authentication and tamper detection.
Energy Efficiency: Manufacturers are developing more energy-efficient electrical dogging systems to reduce power consumption.

13. Regulations and Codes: Ensuring Compliance

Compliance with regulations and codes is essential for ensuring the safety and legality of your dogging system. Here’s an overview of key regulations and codes to be aware of:

ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act): The ADA sets standards for accessibility in public accommodations and commercial facilities. Dogging systems can help improve accessibility by making doors easier to open for individuals with disabilities.
IBC (International Building Code): The IBC is a model building code that addresses various aspects of building safety, including door hardware.
NFPA (National Fire Protection Association): The NFPA develops and publishes codes and standards related to fire safety. NFPA 80 addresses fire doors and fire windows, and it includes requirements for latching and dogging.
Local Building Codes: In addition to national and international codes, be sure to comply with all local building codes and fire safety regulations.

Consult with a qualified architect, engineer, or code consultant to ensure that your dogging system complies with all applicable regulations and codes.

14. Case Studies: Real-World Examples of Effective Dogging

To illustrate the benefits of dogging in practice, here are a few case studies:

14.1 Retail Store Chain

A national retail store chain implemented electrical dogging with scheduled operation in all of its stores. The doors are automatically dogged during business hours and undogged after closing. This has improved traffic flow, reduced employee workload, and enhanced customer satisfaction.

14.2 University Campus

A university campus installed electrical dogging with access control integration in its library. Only students and faculty with valid ID cards can access the library after hours. This has improved security and reduced theft.

14.3 Hospital Emergency Room

A hospital emergency room used electrical dogging on its entrance doors to ensure quick and easy access for patients and medical personnel. The doors are automatically dogged during peak hours and can be remotely undogged by security personnel in the event of an emergency.

15. How WHAT.EDU.VN Can Help You

Navigating the complexities of door hardware and security solutions can be challenging. At WHAT.EDU.VN, we understand your need for quick, reliable, and free answers. Whether you’re a student, a professional, or simply curious, we’re here to provide you with the information you need.

15.1 Free Question and Answer Platform

Our platform allows you to ask any question and receive answers from knowledgeable experts and community members. If you’re unsure about the best dogging system for your business, or if you have a specific question about fire safety regulations, simply post your question on WHAT.EDU.VN and get the answers you need.

15.2 Expert Advice

We have a team of experts in various fields who are dedicated to providing accurate and helpful information. Our experts can provide guidance on selecting the right dogging system, complying with regulations, and troubleshooting common issues.

15.3 Community Support

Join our community of users who are passionate about learning and sharing knowledge. You can connect with other professionals, ask questions, and share your own expertise.

16. Addressing Common Concerns and Misconceptions About Dogging

Dogging, while beneficial in many situations, sometimes faces misconceptions and concerns. Let’s address a few:

16.1 Security Risks

Concern: Dogging can compromise security by leaving doors unlocked.
Response: While this is a valid concern, electrical dogging systems integrated with access control and proper security protocols can mitigate these risks.

16.2 Fire Safety Hazards

Concern: Dogging can create fire safety hazards by preventing doors from self-latching.
Response: Electrical dogging systems integrated with fire alarm systems are designed to automatically deactivate in the event of a fire, ensuring that doors self-latch.

16.3 Accessibility Issues

Concern: Dogging can make it difficult for people with disabilities to open doors.
Response: When implemented properly, dogging can improve accessibility by making doors easier to open for individuals with disabilities.

16.4 Cost Considerations

Concern: Electrical dogging systems can be expensive to install and maintain.
Response: While the initial investment may be higher, the long-term benefits of improved traffic flow, security, and convenience can outweigh the costs.

17. The Legal Aspects of Dogging: What You Need to Know

Understanding the legal aspects of dogging is crucial for ensuring compliance and avoiding potential liabilities.

17.1 Building Codes and Regulations

Building codes and regulations vary by jurisdiction, so it’s essential to consult with local authorities to determine the specific requirements for your area. These codes may address issues such as:

Fire safety
Accessibility
Security
Egress requirements

17.2 Liability Considerations

If someone is injured or property is damaged as a result of a improperly installed or maintained dogging system, you could be held liable. To minimize your liability, it’s important to:

Comply with all applicable building codes and regulations
Install and maintain the dogging system properly
Train employees on how to use the system safely
Implement clear security protocols
Carry adequate insurance coverage

17.3 Consulting with Legal Professionals

If you have any questions or concerns about the legal aspects of dogging, consult with a qualified attorney or legal professional.

18. Dogging in the Age of COVID-19: Adapting to New Norms

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about new challenges and considerations for door hardware and access control. Here are some ways that dogging can be adapted to meet these new norms:

18.1 Touchless Solutions

Automatic Door Openers: Consider using automatic door openers in conjunction with dogging to minimize touchpoints and reduce the spread of germs.
Touchless Access Control: Implement touchless access control systems such as mobile credentials or biometric scanners to eliminate the need to touch door hardware.

18.2 Enhanced Cleaning and Sanitization

Regular Cleaning: Clean and sanitize door hardware regularly, especially in high-traffic areas.
Antimicrobial Coatings: Consider using door hardware with antimicrobial coatings to help prevent the spread of germs.

18.3 Social Distancing Measures

Traffic Flow Management: Use dogging to manage traffic flow and promote social distancing in crowded areas.
One-Way Traffic: Implement one-way traffic patterns to minimize contact between people.

18.4 Remote Management

Remote Monitoring: Use remote monitoring systems to track door usage and identify potential bottlenecks.
Remote Control: Implement remote control capabilities to adjust dogging settings as needed to manage traffic flow and maintain social distancing.

19. Dogging and Energy Efficiency: Saving Money and Reducing Environmental Impact

Energy efficiency is an increasingly important consideration for businesses and organizations. Here are some ways that dogging can be used to save energy and reduce environmental impact:

19.1 Minimizing Air Leakage

Weatherstripping: Install weatherstripping around doors to minimize air leakage and reduce energy loss.
Door Closers: Use door closers to ensure that doors close tightly and prevent drafts.

19.2 Optimizing HVAC Systems

Zoning: Use zoning systems to control the temperature in different areas of a building based on occupancy levels.
Smart Thermostats: Install smart thermostats that can automatically adjust the temperature based on occupancy and weather conditions.

19.3 Using Energy-Efficient Door Hardware

Insulated Doors: Use insulated doors to reduce heat transfer and improve energy efficiency.
Low-E Glass: Use low-E glass in door windows to minimize heat gain in the summer and heat loss in the winter.

19.4 Implementing Occupancy Sensors

Lighting Control: Use occupancy sensors to turn off lights in unoccupied areas.
HVAC Control: Use occupancy sensors to adjust the temperature in unoccupied areas.

20. The Future of Door Hardware: Innovations and Trends

The door hardware industry is constantly evolving, with new technologies and innovations emerging all the time. Here are some trends to watch for:

20.1 Smart Locks

Keyless Entry: Smart locks allow for keyless entry using smartphones, keypads, or biometric scanners.
Remote Monitoring: Smart locks can be monitored remotely, allowing you to see who is entering and exiting your building.
Integration with Home Automation Systems: Smart locks can be integrated with home automation systems such as Amazon Alexa or Google Home.

20.2 Biometric Access Control

Fingerprint Scanners: Fingerprint scanners provide a high level of security and convenience.
Facial Recognition Systems: Facial recognition systems offer hands-free access control.
Retinal Scanners: Retinal scanners provide the highest level of security.

20.3 Mobile Credentials

Smartphone Access: Mobile credentials allow users to access buildings using their smartphones.
Cloud-Based Management: Mobile credential systems are managed in the cloud, making it easy to add and remove users.
Enhanced Security: Mobile credentials offer enhanced security features such as two-factor authentication.

20.4 Wireless Door Hardware

Easy Installation: Wireless door hardware is easy to install and requires no wiring.
Flexibility: Wireless door hardware can be easily moved and reconfigured as needed.
Remote Management: Wireless door hardware can be managed remotely.

21. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Dogging

To further clarify the concept of dogging, here are some frequently asked questions:

Question	Answer
What is the purpose of dogging?	Dogging is used to hold the latch bolt of an exit device in a retracted position, allowing a door to be opened simply by pushing or pulling it. This is useful in high-traffic areas where frequent opening and closing of doors is required.
Can dogging be used on fire-rated doors?	Mechanical dogging is not permitted on fire-rated doors, as these doors must self-latch to maintain their fire-resistance rating. However, electrical dogging can be used on fire-rated doors if it is integrated with the building’s fire alarm system.
What are the security risks associated with dogging?	Dogging can compromise security by leaving doors unlocked. However, electrical dogging systems integrated with access control and proper security protocols can mitigate these risks.
How do I choose the right dogging system for my needs?	Consider factors such as traffic volume, security requirements, fire safety regulations, budget, power availability, and maintenance requirements.
What are the legal aspects of dogging?	Comply with all applicable building codes and regulations, install and maintain the dogging system properly, train employees on how to use the system safely, implement clear security protocols, and carry adequate insurance coverage.
How can dogging be adapted to meet new norms in the age of COVID-19?	Consider using touchless solutions such as automatic door openers and touchless access control, enhance cleaning and sanitization of door hardware, implement social distancing measures, and use remote management systems to track door usage and adjust dogging settings as needed.
Is dogging energy-efficient?	Dogging can be energy-efficient if used in conjunction with weatherstripping, door closers, insulated doors, low-E glass, occupancy sensors, and smart thermostats.
What are the future trends in door hardware and dogging?	Watch for innovations such as smart locks, biometric access control, mobile credentials, and wireless door hardware.
How does electrical dogging integrate with access control?	Electrical dogging can be integrated with access control systems to allow only authorized personnel to engage or disengage the dogging function. The system can keep a log of when and by whom the dogging was activated or deactivated, providing an audit trail for security purposes. Administrators can remotely control the dogging function from a central location.
Where can I find more information and help with dogging?	WHAT.EDU.VN provides a free question and answer platform, expert advice, and community support to help you with all your door hardware and security needs.

22. Final Thoughts: Making Informed Decisions About Dogging

Dogging is a valuable tool for improving convenience, traffic flow, and accessibility in a variety of settings. By understanding the different types of dogging systems, the factors to consider when choosing a system, and the best practices for ensuring safety and security, you can make informed decisions that meet your specific needs. Remember to comply with all applicable building codes and regulations, and consult with qualified professionals when necessary. And for all your questions and information needs, WHAT.EDU.VN is here to help.

Address: 888 Question City Plaza, Seattle, WA 98101, United States. Whatsapp: +1 (206) 555-7890. Website: WHAT.EDU.VN

Are you ready to streamline access and enhance security at your property? Do you have any burning questions about implementing the right dogging system for your unique requirements? Don’t hesitate! Visit what.edu.vn today and ask your question for free. Let our community of experts guide you toward the perfect solution!