Falsetto is a vocal register often shrouded in mystery and misconceptions. This article will delve into the depths of what falsetto truly is, exploring its physical and acoustic characteristics, dispelling common myths, and providing practical tips for incorporating it effectively into your singing.
Many singers wonder about falsetto: Do women have falsetto? What exactly is happening with the voice when using it? How can I find my falsetto? Are there different kinds of falsetto? Let’s explore!
The term “falsetto” can be broader than many realize, encompassing more than just one specific sound. While falsettos may differ in their specific qualities, they share underlying physical and acoustic traits. To understand falsetto fully, we must consider both the physical mechanisms at play and the resulting acoustic properties of the voice.
The Physical Aspects of Falsetto: Vocal Fold Contact
At the physical level, falsetto is characterized by minimal contact between the vocal folds. Imagine holding your hands out with palms facing down. Bring your hands together so that only your index fingers touch. This represents the approximate contact of the vocal folds in falsetto.
In contrast, if you bring your hands together in a prayer position, with all fingers touching, this simulates the fuller vocal fold contact found in chest voice, now often referred to as “mode one.” Falsetto, or “mode two,” involves significantly less vocal fold contact.
The Acoustic Properties of Falsetto: High Frequencies
Acoustically, falsetto generally lacks strong high frequencies. However, it’s important to note that variations exist, and some types of falsetto incorporate more high frequencies while still being classified as such.
Do Women Have Falsetto?
The question of whether women possess falsetto is a common point of debate. While some argue against it, the female voice certainly transitions between modes, shifting from greater to lesser vocal fold contact. This shift is similar to the male falsetto, although it might be less abrupt and dramatic. In women, this lighter sound with less vocal fold contact is often called “head voice,” particularly in classical singing. However, the underlying mechanism of reduced vocal fold contact is similar to what men experience as falsetto.
The TA (thyroarytenoid) muscles within the vocal folds themselves are more engaged in lower, more robust notes, contributing to thicker folds. Conversely, the CT (cricothyroid) muscles, responsible for lengthening and stretching the vocal folds, are more active in falsetto, resulting in less TA involvement.
Closed Quotient and Subglottal Pressure in Falsetto
Another important aspect of falsetto is the “closed quotient,” which refers to the amount of time the vocal folds are closed versus open during each vibration cycle. In falsetto, the closed quotient is typically lower, meaning the vocal folds are open for a greater portion of each cycle. This results in less air pressure building beneath the vocal folds, known as subglottal pressure. Lower subglottal pressure contributes to the lighter, less robust sound of falsetto.
Finding Your Falsetto: Vowels and Techniques
One effective way to access falsetto is through the use of closed vowels, such as “ooh” and “eeh.” These vowels naturally encourage the voice to “flip” into falsetto. Yodeling, for example, often utilizes these vowels (“yoda lay hee hoo”) to facilitate the transition into the higher register.
Closed vowels help filter out upper harmonic content, making it easier to access the higher notes of falsetto. Gliding on “ooh” can be a helpful exercise, especially if you experience cracking in your voice. Experimenting with intentional “flips” between open and closed vowels (e.g., “aah ooh”) can also help you find and control your falsetto.
Exploring Different Shades of Falsetto
It’s important to remember that falsetto exists on a spectrum, with variations in tone and quality. A “pure” falsetto, characterized by low closed quotient and narrow vowels, is just one possibility. By manipulating factors like vowel shape and vocal fold closure, you can create different effects and colors within your falsetto.
For example, opening the vowel slightly (e.g., “hah,” “heeh”) can create a breathy falsetto. Adding more vocal fold contact and increasing the closed quotient can produce a stronger, more connected sound. Some singers even raise their larynx to achieve a “nastier” or more edgy falsetto.
Utilizing Falsetto for Musical Expression
While many vocal techniques focus on eliminating breaks in the voice, intentionally incorporating a “flip” into falsetto can be a powerful expressive tool. Chris Martin of Coldplay, for example, uses this technique to great effect in his singing. Even the great Prince was a master of the falsetto and shades of the falsetto. Prince’s recordings are just masterclasses in this.
Conclusion
Falsetto is a versatile and valuable vocal technique that can add depth and color to your singing. By understanding its physical and acoustic properties, experimenting with different vowel shapes and techniques, and exploring the spectrum of falsetto sounds, you can unlock new expressive possibilities and enhance your vocal performance.
