Hydrocortisone cream is a common topical medication used to treat a variety of skin conditions. Available over the counter and by prescription, it’s important to understand how to use it effectively and safely. This guide will explain what hydrocortisone cream is, what it’s used for, how to apply it, and important precautions to take.
Hydrocortisone belongs to a class of drugs known as corticosteroids. It works by reducing inflammation, itching, and redness associated with various skin problems. It comes in different forms, including creams, ointments, and lotions, each suited for different skin types and conditions. Creams are generally better for moist or weeping skin, ointments for dry or flaky areas, and lotions for larger or hairy areas.
What Skin Conditions Does Hydrocortisone Cream Treat?
Hydrocortisone cream is effective in treating a range of skin conditions characterized by inflammation and itching. Common uses include:
- Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis): Hydrocortisone helps to relieve the itching, redness, and dryness associated with eczema flare-ups.
- Psoriasis: While not a cure, hydrocortisone can reduce the inflammation and scaling of psoriasis plaques.
- Insect Bites and Stings: It can alleviate the itching and swelling caused by insect bites and stings.
- Allergic Reactions and Rashes: For contact dermatitis, poison ivy, poison oak, and other allergic reactions causing skin rashes, hydrocortisone can provide relief from itching and inflammation.
- Seborrheic Dermatitis: This condition, often affecting the scalp and face, can be managed with hydrocortisone cream to reduce redness and scaling.
- Nappy Rash (Diaper Rash): Mild cases of nappy rash can be treated with hydrocortisone cream to soothe irritation and promote healing.
How to Use Hydrocortisone Cream, Ointment, and Lotion
Following the correct application method is crucial for hydrocortisone cream to work effectively. Always adhere to the instructions provided by your doctor, pharmacist, or the product leaflet.
Dosage for Cream and Ointment
Typically, hydrocortisone cream or ointment is applied one to two times daily. When applying twice a day, ensure there is an 8 to 12-hour interval between applications.
The amount of cream or ointment needed is often measured using the fingertip unit (FTU). A fingertip unit is the amount of cream squeezed from the tip of an adult finger to the first crease.
Image: Dosage measurement of hydrocortisone cream using a fingertip unit for topical application.
Generally, one fingertip unit is sufficient to cover an area twice the size of an adult hand’s palm. For children and babies, the required amount varies based on age, and it’s best to consult a doctor or pharmacist for specific guidance.
Application Instructions for Cream and Ointment
- Prepare your hands: Wash and thoroughly dry your hands before application.
- Dispense the correct amount: Squeeze out the appropriate amount of cream or ointment.
- Apply a thin layer: Gently spread a thin layer over the affected area of skin.
- Smooth it in: Carefully rub the cream or ointment into your skin in the direction of hair growth until it is no longer visible.
- Treat all affected areas: Apply to all irritated skin, not just the most severe spots.
- Avoid broken skin: Take care not to apply cream to broken skin or open cuts.
- Wash hands after application: Wash your hands after applying, unless you are treating your hands.
Dosage and Application for Lotion
Hydrocortisone lotion is usually applied once or twice a day to the affected skin areas. Use a small amount and follow these steps for application:
- Prepare your hands: Wash and dry your hands.
- Apply a thin layer of lotion: Spread a thin layer of lotion over the irritated skin.
- Smooth it in gently: Rub the lotion into your skin in the direction of hair growth.
- Treat all affected areas: Ensure all irritated skin is covered, not just the worst parts.
- Avoid broken skin: Be careful to keep lotion away from broken skin or cuts.
- Wash hands afterwards: Wash your hands after application, unless treating your hands.
Important Considerations When Using Hydrocortisone
- Fire Hazard Warning: Be aware that skin creams and ointments can dry on fabrics like clothing and bedding, making them more flammable. Avoid open flames and smoking when using these products.
- Using with Other Skin Products: Do not apply hydrocortisone simultaneously with other skin creams or ointments, such as moisturizers. Wait at least 10 minutes between applications of hydrocortisone and other products. Consider using different skin products at different times of the day. If using a bandage or plaster, wait at least 10 minutes after applying hydrocortisone before applying the dressing.
- Duration of Use: Hydrocortisone skin treatments are typically for short-term use. Discontinue use as soon as your skin condition improves. For conditions like insect bites, nappy rash, or contact dermatitis, you may only need to use it for up to a week. If you purchase hydrocortisone over the counter, do not use it for more than one week without consulting your doctor. For chronic conditions like eczema and psoriasis, longer-term use might be necessary under medical supervision. Doctors may recommend intermittent use to minimize side effects. Once your skin improves, use moisturizers to prevent flare-ups.
- Forgetting a Dose: If you miss an application, apply it as soon as you remember, unless it’s nearly time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule.
- Using Too Much: Applying too much hydrocortisone cream, ointment, or lotion is unlikely to cause harm, but if you have concerns, consult a doctor or pharmacist.
- Stopping Treatment: If you have been using hydrocortisone for an extended period, consult your doctor before stopping. They may advise gradually reducing the frequency and amount to prevent a withdrawal reaction or symptom recurrence. A withdrawal reaction may manifest as burning, redness, and can be harder to detect on darker skin tones. If you experience a withdrawal reaction or your condition returns within two weeks of stopping hydrocortisone, do not restart use without medical advice.
Potential Side Effects
While hydrocortisone cream is generally safe for short-term use, prolonged or excessive use can lead to side effects, including:
- Thinning of the skin
- Changes in skin color
- Acne or increased hair growth in the treated area
It is crucial to use hydrocortisone cream as directed and consult with a healthcare professional if your symptoms worsen or do not improve within a week, or if you have concerns about side effects or prolonged use.
Disclaimer: This article provides general information and should not be considered medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment of skin conditions.
