Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia (IST) is a condition where the heart beats faster than normal for no apparent reason. Treatment isn’t always necessary, particularly if episodes are infrequent and don’t significantly impact daily life. However, if symptoms become troublesome, medications like beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers are often considered. Finding the right balance between the benefits of the medication and potential side effects is key. Newer medications, such as ivabradine, are also being investigated and may offer more effective treatment options in the future.
For some individuals, sinus node ablation can be a helpful intervention, although IST can recur in some instances. This procedure involves the use of either radiofrequency ablation or cryoablation to target the affected area of the heart, aiming to stop the abnormal electrical signals that cause the rapid heart rate. Ablation works by delivering a focused energy beam to eliminate the tissues responsible for generating these irregular signals.
Radiofrequency (RF) ablation uses heat to burn the area triggering the abnormal rhythms and has a success rate of approximately 95%. Cryoablation, an alternative method, is used when RF ablation isn’t suitable.
Cryoablation freezes the affected area and has an effectiveness rate of around 80%. It’s often preferred for use in specific areas of the heart where it’s considered a safer option. The procedure is typically low-risk and can be performed as a day case or with a brief overnight hospital stay.
Beyond these procedures, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has demonstrated potential benefits.
CBT is a talking therapy focused on modifying a person’s reactions to and coping mechanisms for challenges, such as the symptoms associated with IST. This approach can incorporate physical exercises like deep breathing or stimulating the vagal nerve in the neck to help manage the condition.
