Microneedling is a minimally invasive cosmetic procedure that involves using a device equipped with fine, short needles to create tiny punctures in the skin’s surface. This treatment, performed by dermatologists, is sought after for its ability to improve a variety of skin concerns, including:
- Acne scars
- Dark spots and hyperpigmentation
- Enlarged pores
- Melasma
- Skin laxity and sagging
- Surgical and injury scars
- Stretch marks
- Uneven skin texture and tone
- Wrinkles and fine lines
Often referred to as “collagen induction therapy,” microneedling works by stimulating the skin’s natural healing processes, prompting it to produce more collagen and elastin. This results in skin rejuvenation and improvement in the appearance of various skin imperfections. Microneedling is considered safe for all skin tones when performed correctly.
Before (A) and after (B) microneedling treatment for acne scars by a board-certified dermatologist
The image below shows the dramatic improvement in acne scars after microneedling combined with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment.
At-Home Microneedling vs. Dermatologist Treatments: What’s the Difference?
While at-home microneedling devices are available, the results they offer are significantly different from professional treatments performed by a dermatologist. At-home devices and treatments in non-medical spas typically use shorter needles that do not penetrate the skin as deeply. This leads to less noticeable improvements compared to professional microneedling.
Furthermore, at-home microneedling carries potential risks if not performed correctly:
- Overuse: Frequent microneedling at home can irritate the skin, potentially worsening skin issues and causing discomfort.
- Infection and Scarring: If at-home devices penetrate the skin too deeply, they can lead to infection or scarring, especially if sterilization is not properly maintained.
- Spread of Infections: At-home microneedling can inadvertently spread warts, herpes, and other viral infections across different areas of the skin.
- Skin Damage: Applying excessive pressure with at-home devices can damage the skin, resulting in scarring or changes in skin color and texture.
Click on the image to enlarge and download a PDF infographic about why to choose a dermatologist for microneedling.
Expected Results from Professional Microneedling by a Dermatologist
Choosing a board-certified dermatologist for microneedling ensures more significant, predictable, and longer-lasting results compared to DIY approaches or treatments in non-medical settings. Dermatologists possess the expertise and use professional-grade devices to deliver effective treatments.
Professional microneedling is frequently employed to address acne scars, injury scars, and surgical scars, providing noticeable improvement in skin texture and appearance.
Dermatologist performing a professional microneedling procedure
This image illustrates a dermatologist performing microneedling, a common cosmetic procedure for skin rejuvenation and scar treatment.
Beyond standard microneedling, dermatologists may also offer advanced techniques to enhance results:
Radiofrequency (RF) Microneedling: This advanced form of microneedling combines the benefits of traditional microneedling with radiofrequency energy. The RF energy is delivered through the needles into the deeper layers of the skin, generating heat. This heat further stimulates collagen and elastin production, potentially leading to more pronounced skin tightening and rejuvenation effects.
RF microneedling is considered safe for all skin types and tones. Some studies suggest it can achieve results comparable to laser treatments but with reduced downtime and fewer potential side effects, particularly for individuals with darker skin tones. However, more extensive research is needed to confirm these findings across diverse populations.
Microneedling with Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP): Combining microneedling with PRP therapy can further boost collagen production and accelerate healing. PRP is derived from the patient’s own blood. A small blood sample is processed to concentrate platelets, which are rich in growth factors.
During a PRP microneedling session, the dermatologist applies the PRP to the treated skin immediately after microneedling. The micro-channels created by microneedling allow for better absorption of PRP, maximizing its regenerative effects. This combination is particularly effective for treating acne scars and is considered safe for individuals with darker skin tones.
Typically, a series of microneedling sessions are recommended to achieve optimal results. For acne scar treatment, for example, 3 to 5 sessions spaced 2 to 4 weeks apart may be necessary. Studies indicate that such treatment plans can lead to a significant reduction in acne scar visibility, ranging from 50% to 70%.
When Will I See Microneedling Results?
Microneedling results are not immediate. Improvement appears gradually as the body produces new collagen. Initial improvements may be noticeable within a few weeks after the treatment. However, it usually takes several months to see the full effects of microneedling as collagen remodeling continues.
For optimal outcomes, multiple treatment sessions are often recommended, tailored to individual skin concerns and treatment goals.
How Long Do Microneedling Results Last?
The longevity of microneedling results varies as collagen naturally breaks down over time. The rate of collagen loss differs from person to person. Factors that accelerate collagen breakdown include sun exposure and smoking.
To prolong microneedling results, it is crucial to:
- Protect skin from sun exposure by using sunscreen daily.
- Avoid smoking.
Dermatologists may also recommend maintenance microneedling sessions, typically once a year, to sustain the achieved improvements.
Downtime and Aftercare Following Microneedling
Microneedling involves minimal downtime. Immediately after the procedure, you may experience some temporary side effects. Treated skin may appear red (on lighter skin tones) or darker (on darker skin tones). A sunburn-like sensation, minor discomfort, burning, or swelling is also common.
These reactions are usually mild and subside within a few days to a week. To alleviate discomfort and support healing, dermatologists often recommend post-treatment aftercare creams.
Despite potential temporary discomfort, patients can typically resume normal activities, including work or school, immediately after microneedling. However, it is generally advised to avoid applying makeup for at least 24 hours post-treatment.
Potential Side Effects of Microneedling
When performed by a board-certified dermatologist, microneedling is a safe procedure with a low risk of side effects. However, when performed by less qualified individuals without adequate medical training and skin knowledge, the risk of complications increases. Potential side effects can include infection, scarring, and persistent skin discoloration.
Adhering to your dermatologist’s aftercare instructions is crucial for minimizing these risks and promoting proper healing.
Microneedling Treatment Time
The duration of a microneedling session varies depending on the treated area and the specific skin condition being addressed. Treating fine lines above the upper lip might take only a few minutes, while addressing stretch marks on both hips could require a 15 to 30-minute session. Your dermatologist will be able to provide a more precise estimate during your consultation.
Who Should Avoid Microneedling?
While microneedling is generally safe for most individuals and all skin tones, it is not suitable for everyone. Microneedling is contraindicated in the following situations:
- Individuals with a history of slow or poor wound healing.
- Those with a history of keloid scar formation (raised scars).
- People with weakened immune systems due to medical conditions or medications.
- Individuals undergoing skin cancer treatment in the area to be treated.
- Patients receiving radiation therapy.
Additionally, microneedling should be postponed under certain temporary conditions:
- Recent tan or sunburn.
- Active skin infection.
- Inflammatory acne with painful, pus-filled pimples or deep cysts.
- Current or recent use of isotretinoin (Accutane), a medication for severe acne. Patients must wait at least one month after discontinuing isotretinoin before undergoing microneedling.
Your dermatologist will assess your individual health status and skin condition to determine if microneedling is appropriate for you.
Key Considerations Before Getting Microneedling
Microneedling, like any cosmetic procedure, is a medical treatment. To ensure safety and optimal results, the American Academy of Dermatology emphasizes the importance of choosing a qualified medical professional, such as a board-certified dermatologist, who specializes in skin treatments and cosmetic procedures.
Consulting a board-certified dermatologist offers several key benefits:
- Pre-treatment Consultation: A thorough consultation is essential. Your dermatologist will review your medical history, discuss your treatment goals, and examine your skin to determine if microneedling is safe and suitable for you and can achieve your desired outcomes.
- Expert and Skilled Care: Dermatologists possess in-depth knowledge of skin physiology and are trained in performing microneedling effectively and safely to maximize results and minimize risks.
- Personalized Pre- and Post-Treatment Plan: Your dermatologist will provide a tailored skincare regimen to follow for 2 to 4 weeks before microneedling. This may include temporarily discontinuing retinoids or certain skincare ingredients and emphasizing sun protection. A comprehensive aftercare plan will also be provided to prevent infection and optimize healing and results.
Finding a Qualified Dermatologist for Microneedling
To locate a board-certified dermatologist experienced in microneedling, you can use the American Academy of Dermatology’s “Find a Dermatologist” tool: https://find-a-derm.aad.org/. Simply enter your location, click “Filters,” then “Any Procedure,” and select “Microneedling” from the list of procedures.
Related Resources from the AAD
Are all dermatologists board certified?
No, not all dermatologists are board certified. Board certification indicates that a dermatologist has met rigorous standards of education, training, and competency in dermatology.
Learn more about what it takes to become board certified in dermatology.
Image Credits:
Image 1: Courtesy of the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. (J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021;84:811).
Image 2: Produced and owned by the American Academy of Dermatology.
Image 3: Getty Images
References:
Alster TS, Graham PM. “Microneedling: A review and practical guide.” Dermatol Surg. 2018 Mar;44(3):397-404.
American Academy of Dermatology. “Microneedling: Experienced hands can improve the face.” News release issued Feb 16, 2018. Last accessed Jan 23, 2023.
Claytor RB, Sheck CG, et al. “Microneedling outcomes in early postsurgical scars.” Plast Reconstr Surg. 2022 Sep 1;150(3):557e-561e.
Juhasz MLW, Cohen JL. “Microneedling for the treatment of scars: An update for clinicians. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2020 Dec 22;13:997-1003.
Margosian, E. “The many uses of microneedling: How it works, potential applications, and what patients should know.” Dermatol. World 2018;44(3): 397-404).
Renzi M, McLarney M, et al. “Procedural and surgical treatment modalities for acne scarring – Part 2.” J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Apr 22:S0190-9622(22)00678-8.
Written by: Paula Ludmann, MS
Reviewed by: Hassan I. Galadari, MD, FAAD Elisa Gallo, MD, FAAD Laurel Geraghty, MD, FAAD
Last updated: 7/17/23
