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What Is EAD? A Comprehensive Guide To Employment Authorization Document

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The Employment Authorization Document, also known as the EAD, grants temporary employment authorization to foreign nationals in the United States; at WHAT.EDU.VN, we are committed to providing you with detailed answers. This article provides comprehensive information, breaking down the complexities and clarifying eligibility, renewals, replacements, and related processes, making it easier for you to understand and access the support you need, with insights from reputable sources and practical advice, ensuring a clear understanding and direction for your EAD queries.

1. What is an EAD? Understanding the Basics of Employment Authorization Document

The EAD, or Employment Authorization Document, is a crucial document issued by the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) that allows foreign nationals to work legally in the U.S. It serves as proof that the holder is authorized to be employed within the country for a specific period. This document is essential for individuals who are not U.S. citizens or permanent residents but have been granted permission to work temporarily.

Think of the EAD as your key to unlocking employment opportunities in the U.S. Without it, many foreign nationals would be unable to legally accept jobs or start their own businesses. According to USCIS data, hundreds of thousands of EADs are issued each year, highlighting their importance in the U.S. immigration system.

  • Definition: An EAD is a document issued by USCIS that grants temporary employment authorization to foreign nationals in the U.S.
  • Purpose: It allows individuals who are not U.S. citizens or permanent residents to work legally in the U.S.
  • Importance: Essential for accessing employment opportunities and complying with U.S. immigration laws.

2. Who Needs an EAD? Determining Your Eligibility for Employment Authorization

Not everyone needs an EAD. It’s primarily for foreign nationals who do not have permanent residency or U.S. citizenship but are eligible to work in the U.S. under specific circumstances. Several categories of individuals may require an EAD, each with its own set of rules and requirements.

Some common categories of individuals who may need an EAD include:

  • Students on F-1 Visas: International students in the U.S. on F-1 visas may need an EAD to participate in Optional Practical Training (OPT) or Curricular Practical Training (CPT) programs.
  • Spouses of H-1B Visa Holders: Spouses of individuals holding H-1B visas (temporary work visas) may be eligible for an EAD under certain conditions, allowing them to work while their spouse is employed in the U.S.
  • Asylum Seekers and Refugees: Individuals who have applied for asylum or have been granted refugee status may obtain an EAD to support themselves while their case is being processed or after they have been granted asylum or refugee status.
  • Individuals with Pending Adjustment of Status Applications: Those who have applied for a green card (adjustment of status) may be eligible for an EAD while their application is pending, providing them with the ability to work during the processing period.
  • Individuals with Temporary Protected Status (TPS): Nationals of certain countries designated for TPS due to unsafe conditions in their home country may receive an EAD to work in the U.S. during the TPS period.
  • Other Categories: There are various other categories, such as individuals with specific visa types or those who have been granted deferred action, who may also be eligible for an EAD.

Understanding whether you fall into one of these categories is the first step in determining your eligibility for an EAD. USCIS provides detailed information on eligibility criteria for each category on its website.

3. How to Apply for an EAD: A Step-by-Step Guide to the Application Process

Applying for an EAD can seem daunting, but breaking down the process into manageable steps can make it much easier. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you navigate the application process:

Step 1: Determine Your Eligibility Category

The first step is to identify the category under which you are eligible to apply for an EAD. This will determine the specific requirements and forms you need to submit. Refer to the USCIS website or the Form I-765 instructions to find the appropriate category.

Step 2: Gather Required Documents

Once you know your eligibility category, gather all the necessary documents. Common documents include:

  • Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization
  • A copy of your I-94, Arrival/Departure Record
  • Copies of previous EADs (if any)
  • Passport photos
  • Supporting documents specific to your eligibility category (e.g., F-1 visa, H-1B spouse status, asylum application)

Step 3: Complete Form I-765

Fill out Form I-765 accurately and completely. Make sure to answer all questions and provide detailed information as required. Incomplete or inaccurate forms can lead to delays or denials.

Step 4: Pay the Filing Fee

As of [current date], the filing fee for Form I-765 is $[amount]. However, fees can change, so it’s important to check the USCIS website for the most up-to-date information. Some applicants may be eligible for a fee waiver based on financial hardship.

Step 5: Submit Your Application

Mail your completed Form I-765, supporting documents, and filing fee (or fee waiver request) to the appropriate USCIS Service Center. The address will depend on your eligibility category and current location, so make sure to check the USCIS website for the correct mailing address.

Step 6: Await USCIS Decision

After submitting your application, you will receive a receipt notice from USCIS. You can track the status of your application online using the receipt number. Processing times vary, so be patient and check the USCIS website for estimated processing times for your category.

Here is an image of Form I-765:

Step 7: Receive Your EAD

If your application is approved, you will receive your EAD card in the mail. Check the card carefully to ensure all the information is correct. If there are any errors, contact USCIS immediately to request a correction.

Applying for an EAD requires attention to detail and adherence to USCIS guidelines. By following these steps and staying informed, you can increase your chances of a successful application. For personalized assistance and answers to your specific questions, visit WHAT.EDU.VN.

4. Common Mistakes to Avoid When Applying for an EAD

Applying for an EAD can be complex, and it’s easy to make mistakes that could delay or even result in a denial of your application. Here are some common mistakes to avoid:

  1. Incomplete Application:
    • Mistake: Leaving sections of Form I-765 blank or providing incomplete information.
    • Solution: Double-check every section of the form to ensure all questions are answered accurately and completely. If a question doesn’t apply to you, write “N/A” (Not Applicable).
  2. Incorrect Eligibility Category:
    • Mistake: Selecting the wrong eligibility category on Form I-765.
    • Solution: Carefully review the eligibility categories listed in the Form I-765 instructions and on the USCIS website. Choose the category that best fits your situation. If you’re unsure, seek legal advice.
  3. Missing or Insufficient Supporting Documents:
    • Mistake: Failing to include all required supporting documents or providing documents that don’t meet USCIS requirements.
    • Solution: Refer to the Form I-765 instructions for a list of required documents for your eligibility category. Ensure that copies are clear and legible. If original documents are required, make sure they are the correct ones.
  4. Incorrect Filing Fee:
    • Mistake: Submitting the wrong filing fee or failing to include the fee at all.
    • Solution: Check the USCIS website for the most current filing fee for Form I-765. Ensure that your check or money order is made out to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. If you are eligible for a fee waiver, submit Form I-912, Request for Fee Waiver, with the necessary supporting documents.
  5. Expired or Invalid Documents:
    • Mistake: Including expired or invalid documents, such as an expired passport or visa.
    • Solution: Ensure that all documents you submit are current and valid at the time of filing. Renew any expired documents before submitting your application.
  6. Failure to Sign the Application:
    • Mistake: Forgetting to sign Form I-765.
    • Solution: Always sign and date your application before submitting it. An unsigned application will be rejected.
  7. Submitting to the Wrong USCIS Service Center:
    • Mistake: Mailing your application to the wrong USCIS Service Center.
    • Solution: Check the USCIS website for the correct mailing address based on your eligibility category and current location. Mailing your application to the wrong address can cause significant delays.
  8. Not Keeping a Copy of Your Application:
    • Mistake: Failing to keep a copy of your completed Form I-765 and supporting documents.
    • Solution: Make a copy of everything you submit to USCIS for your records. This will be helpful if you need to refer to your application later or if USCIS requests additional information.
  9. Failing to Update Your Address with USCIS:
    • Mistake: Moving without updating your address with USCIS, causing important notices and your EAD card to be misdelivered.
    • Solution: If you move while your application is pending, notify USCIS immediately by filing Form AR-11, Alien’s Change of Address Card, online or by mail.
  10. Misunderstanding the Terms and Conditions of Your EAD:
    • Mistake: Violating the terms and conditions of your EAD, such as working in an unauthorized field or working without authorization.
    • Solution: Understand the terms and conditions of your EAD, including any restrictions on employment. If you have questions, seek legal advice.

Avoiding these common mistakes can significantly increase your chances of a successful EAD application. For further assistance and personalized answers to your questions, visit WHAT.EDU.VN.

5. Renewing Your EAD: Ensuring Continuous Employment Authorization

Renewing your EAD is a critical step to ensure you can continue working legally in the U.S. without interruption. The renewal process is similar to the initial application, but there are some important considerations to keep in mind.

When to Apply for Renewal:

It’s recommended to apply for your EAD renewal as early as possible. USCIS advises filing your renewal application up to 180 days before your current EAD expires. This gives USCIS ample time to process your application and reduces the risk of a gap in your employment authorization.

Renewal Process:

  1. Check Your Eligibility: Ensure you still meet the eligibility requirements for your EAD category. If your circumstances have changed, you may need to apply under a different category.

  2. Complete Form I-765: Fill out Form I-765 accurately and completely. Make sure to provide updated information and answer all questions.

  3. Gather Required Documents: Collect the necessary documents, which typically include:

    • Form I-765
    • A copy of your current EAD
    • A copy of your I-94, Arrival/Departure Record
    • Passport photos
    • Any additional documents required for your specific eligibility category

  4. Pay the Filing Fee: Pay the filing fee for Form I-765. Check the USCIS website for the current fee amount. If you are eligible, you can request a fee waiver.

  5. Submit Your Application: Mail your completed application, supporting documents, and filing fee (or fee waiver request) to the appropriate USCIS Service Center. Ensure you send it to the correct address based on your eligibility category and current location.

  6. Await USCIS Decision: After submitting your application, you will receive a receipt notice. Use the receipt number to track your application status online.

Potential Issues and How to Address Them:

  • Application Delays: Processing times can vary, so it’s important to apply early. If your EAD expires before your renewal is approved, you may experience a gap in your employment authorization. Contact USCIS to inquire about the status of your application.
  • Changes in Eligibility: If your eligibility category has changed, you may need to provide additional documentation or apply under a different category. Seek legal advice if you are unsure how to proceed.
  • Errors on the EAD: If your renewal EAD contains errors, contact USCIS immediately to request a correction. Provide documentation to support your claim.

Renewing your EAD on time and accurately is crucial for maintaining your employment authorization in the U.S. For personalized assistance and answers to your specific renewal questions, visit WHAT.EDU.VN.

6. Replacing a Lost, Stolen, or Damaged EAD

Losing your EAD or having it stolen can be a stressful experience. However, it’s important to act quickly to request a replacement. Here’s what you need to do:

Reporting a Lost or Stolen EAD:

As soon as you realize your EAD is lost or stolen, report it to the local police department. While a police report is not always required by USCIS, it can be helpful to have documentation of the loss or theft.

Applying for a Replacement EAD:

To apply for a replacement EAD, you will need to follow these steps:

  1. Complete Form I-765: Fill out Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization, accurately and completely. Indicate that you are applying for a replacement EAD.

  2. Gather Required Documents: Collect the necessary documents, which typically include:

    • Form I-765
    • A copy of your I-94, Arrival/Departure Record
    • A copy of the police report (if available)
    • Passport photos
    • Any other documents that support your eligibility category

  3. Pay the Filing Fee: Pay the filing fee for Form I-765, unless you are eligible for a fee waiver. Check the USCIS website for the current fee amount.

  4. Submit Your Application: Mail your completed application, supporting documents, and filing fee (or fee waiver request) to the appropriate USCIS Service Center. The address will depend on your eligibility category and current location.

Damaged EAD:

If your EAD is damaged but still in your possession, include the damaged card with your application for a replacement. This can help expedite the process.

USCIS Error:

If the EAD contains incorrect information due to a USCIS error, you do not need to file a new Form I-765 or pay a fee. Instead, you can send the card back to USCIS with a letter explaining the error and supporting documentation. USCIS will correct the error and issue a new card at no cost to you.

Processing Time:

The processing time for a replacement EAD can vary. Check the USCIS website for the most up-to-date processing times. You can track the status of your application online using your receipt number.

Replacing a lost, stolen, or damaged EAD requires prompt action and attention to detail. For personalized assistance and answers to your specific questions, visit WHAT.EDU.VN.

7. Understanding EAD Eligibility Categories: A Detailed Overview

The eligibility categories for obtaining an EAD are diverse and cater to different situations and immigration statuses. Each category has specific requirements and criteria that applicants must meet. Here’s a detailed overview of some common EAD eligibility categories:

  1. (c)(3)(i) – Students Seeking Optional Practical Training (OPT) Before Completion of Studies:

    • Description: Allows F-1 students to gain practical experience related to their field of study before completing their academic program.
    • Requirements: Must be an F-1 student in valid status, have been enrolled full-time for at least one academic year, and have a job offer related to their field of study.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with a recommendation from your Designated School Official (DSO).

  2. (c)(3)(ii) – Students Seeking Optional Practical Training (OPT) After Completion of Studies:

    • Description: Allows F-1 students to work in their field of study after graduation.
    • Requirements: Must be an F-1 student in valid status, have completed your academic program, and apply within a specific timeframe after graduation.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with a recommendation from your DSO.

  3. (c)(3)(iii) – Students Seeking a 24-Month STEM Extension of OPT:

    • Description: Extends the OPT period for an additional 24 months for F-1 students with STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) degrees.
    • Requirements: Must have a STEM degree, be employed by an E-Verify employer, and meet other specific requirements.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with a recommendation from your DSO and proof of STEM degree and E-Verify employer.

  4. (c)(5) – Spouse or Unmarried Dependent Child of an E-1, E-2, or E-3 Nonimmigrant:

    • Description: Allows spouses and unmarried dependent children of E-1, E-2, or E-3 nonimmigrants to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must be the spouse or unmarried dependent child of an E-1, E-2, or E-3 nonimmigrant in valid status.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your relationship to the E-1, E-2, or E-3 nonimmigrant.

  5. (c)(8) – Applicant for Asylum:

    • Description: Allows individuals with a pending asylum application to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must have a pending asylum application that has been pending for at least 150 days.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your pending asylum application.

  6. (c)(9) – Adjustment of Status Applicant:

    • Description: Allows individuals with a pending application to adjust their status to that of a lawful permanent resident (green card) to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must have a pending adjustment of status application based on a family-based or employment-based petition.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your pending adjustment of status application.

  7. (c)(10) – Applicant for Suspension of Deportation:

    • Description: Allows individuals with a pending application for suspension of deportation to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must have a pending application for suspension of deportation.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your pending application for suspension of deportation.

  8. (c)(11) – Paroled into the United States for Urgent Humanitarian Reasons or Significant Public Benefit:

    • Description: Allows individuals paroled into the U.S. for urgent humanitarian reasons or significant public benefit to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must have been paroled into the U.S. for urgent humanitarian reasons or significant public benefit.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your parole status.

  9. (c)(14) – Deferred Action:

    • Description: Allows individuals who have been granted deferred action to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must have been granted deferred action by USCIS.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your deferred action status.

  10. (c)(16) – Victim of Severe Forms of Trafficking in Persons:

    • Description: Allows victims of severe forms of trafficking in persons to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must be a victim of severe forms of trafficking in persons and have been granted T nonimmigrant status.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your T nonimmigrant status.

  11. (c)(17)(ii) – B-1 Domestic Servant of a Nonimmigrant Employer:

    • Description: Allows B-1 domestic servants of nonimmigrant employers to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must be a B-1 domestic servant of a nonimmigrant employer.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your B-1 status and your employer’s nonimmigrant status.

  12. (c)(18) – Granted Withholding of Deportation or Removal:

    • Description: Allows individuals granted withholding of deportation or removal to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must have been granted withholding of deportation or removal.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your withholding of deportation or removal status.

  13. (c)(19) – Applicant for Temporary Protected Status (TPS):

    • Description: Allows nationals of countries designated for TPS to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must be a national of a country designated for TPS and meet other specific requirements.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your nationality and TPS eligibility.

  14. (c)(20) – Individual in Extended Voluntary Departure (EVD):

    • Description: Allows individuals in EVD to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must be in EVD status.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your EVD status.

  15. (c)(22) – Parolee:

    • Description: Allows certain parolees to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must have been paroled into the U.S. for specific reasons.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your parole status.

  16. (c)(24) – LIFE Act:

    • Description: Allows certain individuals eligible under the Legal Immigration Family Equity (LIFE) Act to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must meet specific requirements under the LIFE Act.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your eligibility under the LIFE Act.

  17. (c)(25) – Battered Spouse or Child:

    • Description: Allows battered spouses or children to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must be a battered spouse or child who meets specific requirements.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your eligibility as a battered spouse or child.

  18. (c)(26) – H-4 Dependent Spouse of an H-1B Nonimmigrant Seeking Lawful Permanent Residence:

    • Description: Allows certain H-4 dependent spouses of H-1B nonimmigrants who are seeking lawful permanent residence to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must be an H-4 dependent spouse of an H-1B nonimmigrant who is the beneficiary of an approved Form I-140 or has been granted an extension of their H-1B status beyond the 6-year limit.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your H-4 status and your spouse’s H-1B status and approved Form I-140 or extension beyond the 6-year limit.

  19. (c)(27) – Family Unity Program:

    • Description: Allows certain individuals eligible under the Family Unity Program to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must meet specific requirements under the Family Unity Program.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your eligibility under the Family Unity Program.

  20. (c)(28) – Dependent of A, G, or NATO Nonimmigrant:

    • Description: Allows dependents of A, G, or NATO nonimmigrants to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must be a dependent of an A, G, or NATO nonimmigrant in valid status.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your relationship to the A, G, or NATO nonimmigrant.

  21. (c)(29) – Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) Resident:

    • Description: Allows certain residents of the CNMI to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must meet specific requirements as a CNMI resident.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your CNMI residency.

  22. (c)(30) – V Nonimmigrant Status:

    • Description: Allows V nonimmigrants to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must be in valid V nonimmigrant status.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your V nonimmigrant status.

  23. (c)(31) – Victim of Criminal Activity – U Nonimmigrant Status:

    • Description: Allows victims of criminal activity who have been granted U nonimmigrant status to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must have been granted U nonimmigrant status.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your U nonimmigrant status.

  24. (c)(33) – Individuals Granted Withholding of Removal Under the Convention Against Torture:

    • Description: Allows individuals granted withholding of removal under the Convention Against Torture to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must have been granted withholding of removal under the Convention Against Torture.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your withholding of removal status.

  25. (A)(3) – Dependent of a Diplomat:

    • Description: Allows dependents of diplomats to work in the U.S.
    • Requirements: Must be a dependent of a diplomat in valid status.
    • Application: Submit Form I-765 with proof of your relationship to the diplomat.

This is not an exhaustive list, and there may be other eligibility categories that apply to your specific situation. Always refer to the USCIS website and Form I-765 instructions for the most current and detailed information. For personalized assistance and answers to your specific eligibility questions, visit WHAT.EDU.VN.

8. EAD and Social Security Number (SSN): What You Need to Know

An EAD and a Social Security Number (SSN) are both important for working in the United States, but they serve different purposes. Understanding the relationship between the two is crucial for foreign nationals authorized to work in the U.S.

What is a Social Security Number (SSN)?

A Social Security Number (SSN) is a nine-digit number issued to U.S. citizens, permanent residents, and temporary (working) residents. It is used to track an individual’s earnings and to determine their eligibility for Social Security benefits and other government services.

Do You Need an SSN to Work with an EAD?

Yes, in most cases, you will need an SSN to work with an EAD in the U.S. Employers typically require an SSN for tax reporting and payroll purposes. If you do not already have an SSN, you will need to apply for one after receiving your EAD.

How to Apply for a Social Security Number with an EAD:

  1. Wait Until You Receive Your EAD: You must have your EAD in hand before applying for an SSN.

  2. Complete Form SS-5: Fill out Form SS-5, Application for a Social Security Card. You can download the form from the Social Security Administration (SSA) website or obtain it from a local SSA office.

  3. Gather Required Documents: You will need to provide:

    • Your EAD
    • Your passport
    • Your I-94, Arrival/Departure Record

  4. Visit a Social Security Office: Bring your completed Form SS-5 and required documents to your local Social Security office. You can find the nearest office on the SSA website.

  5. Submit Your Application: Submit your application and documents to the SSA representative. They will review your information and process your application.

  6. Receive Your Social Security Card: If your application is approved, you will receive your Social Security card in the mail within a few weeks.

Here is an image of the Social Security Card:

Important Considerations:

  • Non-Work Authorized Status: If you are not authorized to work in the U.S., you generally cannot obtain an SSN. However, there are exceptions for certain nonimmigrants who need an SSN for reasons other than employment, such as banking or educational purposes.
  • Replacement Cards: If you lose your Social Security card, you can apply for a replacement card at your local Social Security office.
  • Accuracy of Information: Ensure that the information on your Social Security card matches the information on your other immigration documents, such as your EAD and passport.
  • Card Restrictions: Some Social Security cards may have restrictions printed on them, such as “Valid for Work Only with DHS Authorization.” This indicates that you are only authorized to work in the U.S. with proper employment authorization documentation.

Understanding the relationship between your EAD and SSN is essential for complying with U.S. employment laws and regulations. For personalized assistance and answers to your specific questions, visit WHAT.EDU.VN.

9. Traveling with an EAD: What You Need to Know Before You Go

Traveling outside the United States with an EAD requires careful planning and understanding of the potential implications for your immigration status. Here are some important considerations:

General Guidelines:

  • EAD is Not a Travel Document: An EAD is primarily an employment authorization document and not a travel document. It does not guarantee your re-entry into the U.S.
  • Advance Parole: In most cases, you will need advance parole to re-enter the U.S. if you have a pending adjustment of status application. Advance parole allows you to travel abroad without abandoning your green card application.
  • Check Your Visa: If you are in a nonimmigrant status (e.g., F-1, H-1B), make sure your visa is valid for re-entry into the U.S.

Specific Scenarios:

  1. Pending Adjustment of Status:

    • Requirement: If you have a pending adjustment of status application (Form I-485), you generally need advance parole to travel outside the U.S.
    • How to Obtain Advance Parole: File Form I-131, Application for Travel Document, with USCIS. If approved, you will receive an advance parole document that allows you to re-enter the U.S.
    • Caution: Traveling without advance parole may be considered abandoning your adjustment of status application.

  2. F-1 Students with OPT or STEM OPT:

    • Requirement: F-1 students on OPT or STEM OPT can generally travel outside the U.S. and re-enter with a valid EAD, a valid F-1 visa, and a valid I-20 endorsed for travel by their Designated School Official (DSO).
    • Recommendation: Carry your EAD, I-20, passport, visa, and a letter from your employer confirming your employment.

  3. H-1B Visa Holders:

    • Requirement: H-1B visa holders can typically travel outside the U.S. and re-enter with a valid H-1B visa, passport, and EAD (if applicable).
    • Recommendation: Carry a copy of your H-1B approval notice and a letter from your employer confirming your employment.

  4. Asylum Seekers and Refugees:

    • Requirement: Asylum seekers and refugees may need to obtain refugee travel documents to travel outside the U.S.
    • How to Obtain Refugee Travel Document: File Form I-131, Application for Travel Document, with USCIS.
    • Caution: Traveling back to your home country may have implications for your asylum or refugee status.

  5. Individuals with Temporary Protected Status (TPS):

    • Requirement: Individuals with TPS may need to obtain advance parole to travel outside the U.S.
    • How to Obtain Advance Parole: File Form I-131, Application for Travel Document, with USCIS.

  6. Other Nonimmigrant Visa Holders:

    • Requirement: Check the specific rules and regulations for your visa category before traveling outside the U.S.
    • Recommendation: Carry all relevant documents, including your visa, passport, EAD (if applicable), and any other documents that support your immigration status.

Documents to Carry:

Regardless of your immigration status, it’s always a good idea to carry the following documents when traveling:

  • Valid passport
  • Valid visa (if applicable)
  • EAD (if applicable)
  • Advance parole document (if applicable)
  • I-94, Arrival/Departure Record
  • I-20 (for F-1 students)
  • Employment verification letter

Before You Travel:

  • Consult with an Immigration Attorney: It’s always a good idea to consult with an immigration attorney before traveling outside the U.S. to ensure that you have all the necessary documents and understand the potential implications for your immigration status.
  • Check USCIS Website: Check the USCIS website for the most current travel guidelines and regulations.

Traveling with an EAD requires careful planning and attention to detail. For personalized assistance and answers to your specific questions, visit what.edu.vn.

10. Common EAD-Related Scams and How to Avoid Them

EAD-related scams are unfortunately common, and it’s important to be aware of them to protect yourself from fraud and exploitation. Here are some common scams and tips on how to avoid them:

Common EAD-Related Scams:

  1. Fake Job Offers Requiring Upfront Fees:

    • Scam: Scammers may post fake job offers and ask applicants to pay upfront fees for EAD processing or other administrative costs.
    • How to Avoid: Be wary of job offers that require you to pay fees upfront. Legitimate employers do not typically ask applicants to pay for EAD processing.

  2. Phishing Emails and Websites:

    • Scam: Scammers may send phishing emails or create fake websites that look like official USCIS websites. They may ask you to provide personal information, such as your Social Security number, EAD number, or bank account details.
    • How to Avoid: Be cautious of unsolicited emails or websites that ask for personal information. Always verify the authenticity of a website before providing any information. The official USCIS website is www.uscis.gov.

  3. Unauthorized Immigration Services:

    • Scam: Scammers may pose as immigration attorneys or consultants and offer to help you obtain an EAD for a fee. They may make false promises or provide inaccurate information.
    • How to Avoid: Be cautious of individuals or companies offering immigration services without proper authorization. Only seek assistance from licensed attorneys or accredited representatives.

  4. Fake EAD Cards:

    • Scam: Scammers may sell fake EAD cards or other immigration documents.
    • How to Avoid: Only obtain EAD cards from USCIS. Do not purchase or use fake documents.

  5. Threats of Deportation:

    • Scam: Scammers may threaten to report you to immigration authorities if you don’t pay them money or provide them with personal information.
    • How to Avoid: Know your rights and don’t be intimidated by threats. Contact the police or an immigration attorney if you are threatened.

How to Protect Yourself from EAD-Related Scams:

  1. Be Skeptical: Be wary of unsolicited offers or requests for personal information.
  2. Verify Information:

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